Завдання mur

 1. Read and translate the text Coursebook p.19

2. The rule - Past Perfect Tense

THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

Утворюється з допоміжного дієслова  HAD + Vз

Скорочені форми:

I had – I’d

You had – you’d etc. 

     Виражає дію

1.   яка закінчилась до певного моменту у минулому, або до початку іншої минулої дії (у Past Simple). (Можна сказати, що Past Perfect - це аналог Present Perfect, тільки для минулого. Якщо в Present Perfect дія відбулась до моменту мовлення, то в Past Perfect - до деякого моменту в минулому.)

Певний момент позначається такими словосполученнями:

By two o’clock – до другої години

By that time – до того часу

By the first of September – до першого вересня

By Saturday – до суботи

By the end of the year – до кінця року

By 2001 -  до 2001 року

By the time you came

Before he rang

When they arrived

e.g. He had decorated the building by Monday

       We had already received the telegram when they arrived. (Коли вони приїхали, ми вже                одержали телеграму.)

 

2.   яка закінчилась у минулому і ми бачимо її результат теж у минулому.

She was upset because she had lost her purse (Вона загубила гаманець у минулому і як результат – була засмучена теж у минулому)

The girl had found her umbrella so she was very glad. (дівчинка знайшла парасольку у минулому і, як результат – була рада теж у минулому

Note: Не плутати з Present Perfect!

The girl is upset because she has lost her purse ( вона загубила гаманець у минулому, а результат у теперішньому часі)

The girl has found her umbrella so she is very glad. (дівчина знайшла парасольку у минулому, а результат у теперішньому часі)

 

Past Perfect вживається з такими же словами, як і Present Perfect - already, yet, ever, never.

By the time I got home, my aunt had already left.

 

Примітка 1: якщо дії відбуваються послідовно, одна за одною, дієслова вживаються в Past Simple.

I opened the door, closed it and went into the bathroom.

 

Примітка 2: У складнопідрядному реченні із сполучниками after – після того як і before – перед тим як, перш ніж, коли немає потреби наголошувати, що одна дія передує іншій, і в підрядному, і в головному реченнях вживається Past Simple

He went on with his work after he had a short rest.

He had a short rest before he went on with his work.

3. Голіцинський  ex. 233 p. 193; ex. 235 p. 195

Завдання mur

 1. The last group of words - by heart

2. Coursebook - read and translate the text p. 19

3. Гужва Task 4 (Wiber)

4. Revise the Past Perfect Tense

Маргарита

 1. Павліченко ex.13 p. 162; ex. 16 p. 164 (якщо буде важко, не робить, зробимо разом)

2. You have got a letter from your pen friend. His/her parents think that he/she has got “addicted” to the computer and that he/she lives in the virtual world. He/she complains that they allow him/her to use the computer only two hours per day Write a letter to your friend in which you:

• Express your opinion on the subject;
• Describe the pros and cons of having a computer;
• give some advice to your friend what he/she should do in his/her situation.

3. Get 200 ex. 4 p. 26; ex. 1 p. 27

4. Task 11 (Wiber)

Завдвння

 1. Use of English

Excursion = a short journey by a group of people to visit a place for pleasure, especially while they are on holiday;

The tourist office organizes excursions to the palace.

 

Expedition = 1) a long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place; експедиція, похід

Jack led the first expedition to the North Pole.

2) a short journey, usually made for a particular purpose; похід, поїздка

a shopping expedition – шопінг; поїздка на шопінг

a fishing expedition

 

Sightseeing (uncountable) = the activity of visiting places that are interesting because they are historical, famous, etc; огляд визначних місць або пам’яток

Two days do not give much time for sightseeing.

Travel (uncountable) = the general activity of moving from one place to another; подорож

Her new job involves a lot of travel.

Also : somebody’s travels (plural) - someone’s journeys to or in places that are far away

I’m longing to hear all about your travels in China. (To long - пристрасно бажати чогось)

2. Exercise 2

Fill in the correct word and check.

Excursion(s), expedition(s), sightseeing, travel(s)

In Bermuda, Sam's father took him on a(n) ___ to a coral barrier.

The hotel offers ___ to sights.

Where did you go on your ___?

We spent the days ___ and the evenings sitting in cosy bars drinking the local wine.

We didn't go to the conference. We went ___ instead …

We decided to go on a shopping ___ to London.

Three members of the Everest ___ were killed.

My ___ have played a decisive role in my life.

3. Phrasal verbs

Take (someone) aback

Meaning: Surprise or shock; вразити, шокувати, здивувати

Example: The news of her death TOOK me ABACK.

Be taken aback

Meaning: Be shocked or surprised

Example: I WAS TAKEN ABACK when I saw him because he's lost all his hair.

Take after

Meaning: If you take after a member of your family, you resemble them in your appearance, your behaviour, or your character. Бути схожим на…

Example: He TAKES AFTER his mother.

Take down 1

Meaning: Remove; знести, прибрати, видалити, знімати

Example: People TAKE DOWN their Christmas decorations twelve days after Christmas.

Take down 2

Meaning: Make notes or write down in full, записувати

Example: The police TOOK DOWN his answers to their questions.

Take in 1

Meaning: Deceive; обдурити, обманути

Example: She TOOK me IN with her story until someone told me the truth.

Take in 2

Meaning: Make clothes smaller; ушивати щось

Example: The jacket was far too big around the shoulders, so I had it TAKEN IN so that I could wear it.

Take off 1

Meaning: When a plane departs or leaves the ground; злітати

Example: The flight for Dublin TOOK OFF on time.

Take (something) off 2

Meaning: Remove clothes; зняти щось з одягу (put on – надягнути)

Example: It was hot, so I TOOK my jacket OFF.

Take (something) off 3

Meaning: Take time from work as a holidy; взяти вихідний на якийсь час

Example: Dad TOOK the day OFF to come with me.

Take over

Meaning: to get control of a company or organization; брати (отримати) на себе управління/керівництво/відповідальність тощо над компанією чи організацією.

Example: Maria's been my partner since I TOOK the business over from my father.

The bank was TAKEN OVER by a Hong Kong bank that needed to buy a bank to get into the British market.

Take to doing sth.

Meaning: Make a habit of something, like; зробити щось звичкою, звикнути, полюбити

Example: He's TAKEN TO wearing a baseball cap since his hair started thinning more noticeably.

Take (something) up

Meaning: Make clothes shorter ; підкоротити одяг

Example: The trousers were too long so I TOOK them UP to make them fit.

Take (sth)up (doing sth.) Meaning: begin a hobby, activity, job; почати чимось займатися

Example: Roger TOOK painting UP for a while, but soon lost interest.

Take (someone) aback

Meaning: Surprise or shock; вразити, шокувати, здивувати

Example: The news of her death TOOK me ABACK.

Be taken aback

Meaning: Be shocked or surprised

Example: I WAS TAKEN ABACK when I saw him because he's lost all his hair.

Take after

Meaning: If you take after a member of your family, you resemble them in your appearance, your behaviour, or your character. Бути схожим на…

Example: He TAKES AFTER his mother.

Take down 1

Meaning: Remove; знести, прибрати, видалити, знімати

Example: People TAKE DOWN their Christmas decorations twelve days after Christmas.

Take down 2

Meaning: Make notes or write down in full, записувати

Example: The police TOOK DOWN his answers to their questions.

Take in 1

Meaning: Deceive; обдурити, обманути

Example: She TOOK me IN with her story until someone told me the truth.

Take in 2

Meaning: Make clothes smaller; ушивати щось

Example: The jacket was far too big around the shoulders, so I had it TAKEN IN so that I could wear it.

Take off 1

Meaning: When a plane departs or leaves the ground; злітати

Example: The flight for Dublin TOOK OFF on time.

Take (something) off 2

Meaning: Remove clothes; зняти щось з одягу (put on – надягнути)

Example: It was hot, so I TOOK my jacket OFF.

Take (something) off 3

Meaning: Take time from work as a holidy; взяти вихідний на якийсь час

Example: Dad TOOK the day OFF to come with me.

Take over

Meaning: to get control of a company or organization; брати (отримати) на себе управління/керівництво/відповідальність тощо над компанією чи організацією.

Example: Maria's been my partner since I TOOK the business over from my father.

The bank was TAKEN OVER by a Hong Kong bank that needed to buy a bank to get into the British market.

Take to doing sth.

Meaning: Make a habit of something, like; зробити щось звичкою, звикнути, полюбити

Example: He's TAKEN TO wearing a baseball cap since his hair started thinning more noticeably.

Take (something) up

Meaning: Make clothes shorter ; підкоротити одяг

Example: The trousers were too long so I TOOK them UP to make them fit.

Take (sth)up (doing sth.) Meaning: begin a hobby, activity, job; почати чимось займатися

Example: Roger TOOK painting UP for a while, but soon lost interest.

4. Coursebook ex. 5 p. 20

5. Coursebook ex. 1 p. 21 - do all the tasks

6. Task 5 (Wiber)

Маргарита

 1. The rule

Passive Voice

(Пасивний стан)

To be

Present Simple – is, am, are

Past Simple – was, were

Future Simple – will be

 

Present Continuous – is/are/am being

Past Continuous – was/were being

 

Present Perfect – have/has been

Past Perfect – had been

Future Perfect – will have been

 

 

Active voice

(Дію виконує сам підмет)

His parents love him.

I did my homework yesterday.

Passive voice

(Над підметом щось роблять, сам підмет нічого не робить)

He is loved by his parents. Він любимий батьками. (дослівно)

My homework was done by me yesterday.

Моє домашнє завдання було виконано мною вчора.

Утворення

To be (у потрібному часі) + V3

I (to do) my homework

Present Simple – My homework is done by me every day

Past Simple – My homework was done three days ago

Future Simple – My homework will be done tomorrow

 

Present Continuous – My homework is being done now

Past Continuous – My homework was being done when my mother came

 

Present Perfect – My homework has been already done

Past Perfect – My homework had been done by that time

Future Perfect – My homework will have been done by 6 .

2. Павліченко ex. 2, 3 p. 156

3. Гужва task 10 (Wiber)

Завдання

 1. The rule

Past Perfect Continuous

 

HAD BEEN +VING

 

Past Perfect Continuous

Виражає дію,

1) що тривала деякий час у минулому та завершилась до певного моменту (або до іншої дії у минулому), або все ще продовжувалась в цей момент.

Час тривалості дії або ії початок позначаються словами

for an hour – протягом години

for 5 hours – протягом п'яти годин

for a day – протягом дня

for a week – протягом тижня

for a month – протягом місяця

all morning / the whole morning – весь ранок

all day (long) / the whole day – весь день

all week / the whole week – весь тиждень

all month / the whole month – весь місяць

all year (round) – весь рік

since 5 o’clock – з 5-ї години

since last week – з минулого тижня

since last month – з минулого місяця

since 1991 – з 1991 року

since last century – з минулого сторіччя

Певний момент до якого закінчилась дія позначається словами типу:

 before – до

till – до (здебільшого в заперечних реченнях)

untill – до (здебільшого в заперечних реченнях)

by that time – до того часу

She had been running for two hours before she saw a village. – Вона бігла протягом двох годин, поки не побачила якесь село.

They had been sitting here since last evening before they bought the tickets. – Вони сиділи тут з попереднього вечора, поки не купили квитки.

They had been working here for five years by that time.

He had been waiting for her for an hour by 8 o’clock yesrterday

I had been looking for my key until (till) I stepped on it last Monday

 

2) що тривала деякий час у минулому і її результат ми можемо побачити у минулому.

John had been speaking all morning the day before yesterday , so he lost his voice.

Джон розмовляв весь ранок, так що втратив голос. (Тривала дія відбувалась в минулому. Її результат також з'явився в минулому: Джон втратив голос)

He ___all night so he  was exhausted

He ___ all night so he is exhausted

Примітка:

Якщо дієслово не вживається в continuous, то замість past perfect continuous вживаємо past perfect

When we came to see Rose, she had been ill for three days.

2. Grammar Book ex.13 p.19

 

Завдання

 1. CB p. 19 - try to retell the text

2. The last group of wods  for dictation

3. the rule

Past Perfect Continuous

 

HAD BEEN +VING

 

Past Perfect Continuous

Виражає дію,

1) що тривала деякий час у минулому та завершилась до певного моменту (або до іншої дії у минулому), або все ще продовжувалась в цей момент.

Час тривалості дії або ії початок поначаються словами

for an hour – протягом години

for 5 hours – протягом п'яти годин

for a day – протягом дня

for a week – протягом тижня

for a month – протягом місяця

all morning / the whole morning – весь ранок

all day (long) / the whole day – весь день

all week / the whole week – весь тиждень

all month / the whole month – весь місяць

all year (round) – весь рік

since 5 o’clock – з 5-ї години

since last week – з минулого тижня

since last month – з минулого місяця

since 1991 – з 1991 року

since last century – з минулого сторіччя

Певний момент до якого закінчилась дія позначається словами типу:

 before – до

till – до (здебільшого в заперечних реченнях)

untill – до (здебільшого в заперечних реченнях)

by that time – до того часу

She had been running for two hours before she saw a village. – Вона бігла протягом двох годин, поки не побачила якесь село.

They had been sitting here since last evening before they bought the tickets. – Вони сиділи тут з попереднього вечора, поки не купили квитки.

They had been working here for five years by that time.

He had been waiting for her for an hour by 8 o’clock yesrterday

I had been looking for my key until (till) I stepped on it last Monday

 

2) що тривала деякий час у минулому і її результат ми можемо побачити у минулому.

John had been speaking all morning the day before yesterday , so he lost his voice.

Джон розмовляв весь ранок, так що втратив голос. (Тривала дія відбувалась в минулому. Її результат також з'явився в минулому: Джон втратив голос)

He had been studying all night so he  was exhausted

He has been studying all night so he is exhausted

Примітка:

Якщо дієслово не вживається в continuous, то замість past perfect continuous вживаємо past perfect

When we came to see Rose, she had been ill for three days.

4. Grammar Book ex.13 p.19