середа, 6 березня 2024 р.

Завдання а

 1. Irregular verbs (Viber)

2. Study the rule

Used to

Для позначення минулих звичок, які не актуальні, можна використовувати «used to».

 

She used to walk to school, but now she drives to work. – Раніше вона ходила на роботу пішки, але зараз вона їздить машиною.

У питаннях і негативних реченнях закони такіж самі, як і з правильними дієсловами.

I didn’t use to get up early. (But now I get up early.) – Раніше я не вставала рано. (Але тепер я рано встаю.)

Did you use to work in a café? – Раніше ти працював у кафе?

Необов'язково зазначати, що ситуація зараз змінилася. При використанні "used to" зміни в житті маються на увазі самі собою.

 

I used to get up at 6 a.m. when I was 20.

 – Раніше я прокидався о 6-й ранку, коли мені було 20.

Kate used to go to school by bike.

– Кейт звично їздила до школи на велосипеді.

They used to have dinner at this restaurant every Friday.

– Раніше вони обідали в цьому ресторані кожної п'ятниці.

 

I didn’t use to learn French. – Раніше я не вчив французьку.

Ann didn’t use to attend this place. – Енн раніше не бувала тут.

We didn’t use to go to Italy every summer. – Ми не їздили в Італію кожного літа.

 

Did you use to ride a bike? – Ти раніше їздив на велосипеді?

Did he use to do sports? – Він раніше займався спортом?

Did Matt use to eat meat? – Метт раніше їв м'ясо?

 

Kate used to wear long hair.

 

Конструкцію used to не слід плутати з конструкціями to be/get used to.

I used to live alone (I lived alone in the past, but I no longer live alone)

I am/get used to living alone (I live alone, and I don`t find it strange or difficult because I have been living alone for some time)

 

To be used to sth or doing sth

Вживається, якщо ми звикли до нової ситуації і хочемо повідомити про це співрозмовника. Конструкція може бути використана не тільки в теперішньому часі, але також в минулому і майбутньому.

I’ve lived in London for three years and I’m used to bad weather. – Я живу в Лондоні три роки і звик до поганої погоди.

When I met Alan I was used to living alone and I didn’t want any flat mates.

Коли я познайомився з Аланом, я звик жити сам і не хотів ніяких сусідів по квартирі.

I’m new in this town, but in a year I will be used to this place. – Я новачок у цьому місті, але через рік звикну до цього місця.

I’m used to working on Saturdays, don’t worry. – Не переймайся, я звик працювати по суботам.

He told me he was used to the cold weather. – Він сказав, що він звик до холодної погоди.

I’ll never be used to living in this city. – Я ніколи не звикну до життя в цьому місті.

 

To get used to sth or doing sth

Якщо привикання до нової ситуації вимагало від нас певних зусиль, або ми хочемо зробити акцент на процесі або тривалості звикання.

Ця конструкція теж може застосовуватися для теперішнього, минулого і майбутнього часів.

Don’t worry, you will get used to your new school soon. – Не переймайся, ти скоро звикнеш до своєї нової школи.

Scottish accent was hard for understanding but I got used to it. – Шотландський акцент було складно зрозуміти, але я звик до нього.

It’s a bit hard but I’m getting used to driving on the left. – Це трохи складно, але я (поступово) звикаю керувати машиною за лівостороннім рухом.

 

WOULD DO

We can use would to talk about repeated past actions that don't happen any more.

 

Every Saturday I would go on a long bike ride.

My dad would read me amazing stories every night at bedtime.

 

would for past habits is slightly more formal than used to. It is often used in stories. We don't normally use the negative or question form of would for past habits. We don`t use would with stative verbs (love, be, feel, understand, know, hate etc)

We went to the same beach every summer.

We used to go to the same beach every summer.

We would go to the same beach every summer.

 

If something happened only once, we must use the past simple.

 

I went to Egypt in 2015.

3. Read, translate, the words by heart

PART I

To live by sth or doing sth жити за допомогою… used to say that something is completely essential

I live by baseball.

They live by hunting and killing deer.

For several years she lived by begging.

Sword - a weapon with a long, sharp metal blade and a handle, used especially in the past – шпага, меч

His hand touched the edge of the sword.

She lives by the sword

a bullfighter - a person who fights and sometimes kills a bull in a bullfight (= a form of public entertainment): – тореадор

I met one of the top bullfighters in Spain.

He had a successful 25-year career as a professional bullfighter.

instead of - in place of someone or something: замість…

You can go instead of me, if you want.

Instead of complaining, why don't we try to change things?

Instead of being annoyed, he seemed quite pleased.

to realise (realize) - усвідомити

I suddenly realized that the boy was crying.

 Do you realize you’re an hour late?

It was only later that I realized my mistake.

Novice (at) –  someone who has no experience in a skill, subject, or activity  (syn – beginner) новачок (у чомусь)

Novice drivers are responsible for a large portion of all accidents.

The computer program is easy for even a novice to master.

I’m still a complete novice at the sport.

Brilliant- extremely intelligent or skilled блискучий

She seemed to have a brilliant career ahead of her.

Her mother was a brilliant scientist.

He gave a brilliant performance.

To be popular with бути популярним серед…

That song was popular with people from my father's generation.

The president is very popular with Jewish voters.

My approach was successful and I was popular with the pupils, the parents, and the headmaster.

to take a test (also do/sit a test)- пройти тест (намір)

All candidates have to take a test.

You’re going to take the test again.

pass a test (=succeed in it) здати тест

She passed her driving test first time.

Did you pass the biology test?

out of поза…

the kid is out of the garden.

This whole situation is getting out of control.

Out of school there is still much to be learned.

Most of the disable children are out of school.

Casual – повсякденний

Jean felt more comfortable in casual clothes.

 a casual jacket

Casual clothes are comfortable, and suitable for wearing in informal situations

Feminine – жіночий

Hairstyles this autumn are long, soft and very feminine.

Lindsay wears very feminine clothes - pretty dresses with flowers on and things like that.

to wear one's hair loose - носити волосся розпущеним

to warn попереджати

I warned you not to walk home alone.

 Motorists are being warned to avoid the centre of London this weekend.

‘Be careful, the rocks are slippery, ’ Alex warned.

Tough – жорсткий, важкий

He's had a tough time at work recently.

We've had to make some tough decisions.

I know she's only a kid, but she's tough.

Whereasв той час як, тоді як

His parents were rich, whereas mine had to struggle.

Doctors’ salaries have risen substantially, whereas nurses’ pay has actually fallen.

Whereas knowledge can be acquired from books, skills must be learned through practice.

to get one`s foot in the door – зробити першій крок; отримати шанс; почати свій шлях до мети

Women often struggle just to get a foot in the door.

He took a job as a secretary to get his foot in the door.

Making contacts can help you get a foot in the door when it comes to getting a job.

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